_ [fem] 'The Personal is Political'

In Maggie Humm s "The dictionary or Feminist Theory" Columbus, Ohio Univ. Press, (second edition)1995 : "A fhrase first coined by Carol Hanisch in Notes from the second year (1970)......"

Carol Hanisch has a brief essay called "The Personal is Political" in the Redstockings collection *Feminist Revolution* -- her essay is dated March 1969 (204-205).

c.wright mills does NOT use the phrase "the personal is political" in _the sociological imagination_ that's carol hanisch's, as several people have noted. Mills, does, however, introduce the concept when he writes about the intersection of public issues and personal problems, of personal biography and history.

While not saying "The personal is political" specifically, Claudia Jones, in her 1949 essay "An End to the Neglect of the Problems of the Negro Woman!" (originally published in "Political Affiars", re-published in "Words of Fire: An Antohology if [sic*1] African American Feminist Thought," New York: The New Press, 1995) wrote:
"This means ridding ourselves of the position which sometimes finds certain progressives and Communists fighting on the economic and political issues facing Negro people, but 'drawing the line' when it comes to social intercourse or inter-marriage. To place the question as a 'personal' and not a political matter, when such questions arise, is to be guilty of the worst kind of Social-Democratic, bourgeois-liberal thinking as regards the Negro question in American life; it is to be guilty of imbibing the poisonous white-chauvinist 'theories' of a Bilbo or Rankin." (1995, p:117)
This passage sugests to me that the concept did not pre-date (is pre-date the correct term?) feminism, as suggested in the discussion concerning C. Wright Mills' ideas, but that the concept has been with us far longer.

_ namura art meeting '04-'34

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